H.R.4090 — Critical Mineral Dominance Act
House Roll Call
H.R.4090
| Bill | H.R.4090 — Critical Mineral Dominance Act |
|---|---|
| Vote question | On Motion to Recommit |
| Vote type | Yea-and-Nay |
| Result | Failed |
| Totals | Yea 209 / Nay 212 / Present 0 / Not Voting 11 |
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R | 0 | 212 | 0 | 6 |
| D | 209 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| I | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Research Brief
On Motion to Recommit
Bill Analysis
HR 4090 – Critical Mineral Dominance Act (119th Congress)
HR 4090 is a House-passed bill aimed at accelerating domestic production, processing, and permitting for “critical minerals” and related energy resources, while constraining certain climate- and conservation-oriented policies that could impede such development. It amends multiple statutes and directs several agencies, primarily the Department of the Interior (DOI), Department of Energy (DOE), and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Core provisions and authorities
- Declares it U.S. policy to reduce dependence on foreign (especially adversarial) sources of critical minerals and energy.
- Expands or clarifies the definition of “critical minerals” to include a broad set of minerals essential for defense, energy, and advanced manufacturing.
- Streamlines federal permitting for mining and processing projects by imposing firm timelines on National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) reviews and limiting the scope of environmental impact statements.
- Restricts use of certain climate-related authorities (e.g., greenhouse gas–based restrictions) to block or delay critical mineral and energy projects, and may narrow the use of “social cost of carbon” or similar metrics in permitting decisions.
- Directs DOI and DOE to prioritize leasing, exploration, and development on federal lands with high mineral potential, including faster lease sales and reduced barriers to rights-of-way and infrastructure.
- Limits or reverses specific Biden Administration regulations or executive actions that constrain fossil fuel or mineral development on federal lands and waters.
Programs, agencies, and funding
- Affects DOI (Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Geological Survey), DOE, EPA, and potentially the Department of Defense (for supply-chain security).
- Authorizes or reprograms funds for geological surveying, permitting staff, and research on extraction and processing technologies; detailed appropriations levels would be set in later spending bills.
- Requires interagency coordination and periodic reporting to Congress on critical mineral supply chains, permitting backlogs, and foreign dependence.
Beneficiaries and regulated parties
- Beneficiaries: mining and energy companies, associated supply chains (manufacturing, refining), and states/communities hosting resource development.
- Regulated/affected: federal land and environmental agencies (through new constraints and deadlines), environmental review processes, and, indirectly, foreign suppliers of critical minerals.
Timelines
- Many permitting reforms and policy constraints take effect upon enactment, with NEPA and regulatory changes phased in over 1–2 years via rulemaking and guidance.
- Reporting and strategy updates to Congress typically occur within 180 days to 1 year, and periodically thereafter.
Yea (209)
J
Jason Crow
L
Lloyd Doggett
J
John Garamendi
J
John Mannion
L
Lucy McBath
C
Christian Menefee
R
Rashida Tlaib
N
Nydia Velázquez
D
Debbie Wasserman Schultz
Nay (212)
K
Ken Calvert
S
Scott Franklin
L
Lisa McClain
J
John Rutherford
D
David Schweikert
P
Pete Sessions
