James Pinckney Henderson

James Pinckney Henderson (born March 31, 1808) was a Democratic senator from the state of Texas who served one term in the United States Senate. Representing Texas at-large, he held office from December 7, 1857, to March 3, 1859. During this period he was a member of the Senate as part of the Democratic Party, reflecting the political alignment of Texas in the late 1850s.

Henderson’s tenure in the Senate marked his principal recorded role in national public office. Serving as a former senator by the end of his term in 1859, he participated in the federal legislative process during a turbulent pre–Civil War era, though specific committee assignments or legislative initiatives are not listed in the available record. His service as a United States senator from Texas remains the central documented element of his political career.